Paragraph Answer Questions (Section – A, Q.No. 5, Marks : 4)
Question 1.
Is the title, SANGHALA PANTHULU apt to the story ? Explain?
Answer:
Suravaram Pratapa Reddy’s thought provoking Telugu story, SANGHALA PANTHULU is a social and historical narration. It was rendered into English by Elanaaga (Dr. N. Surendra). The story pictures the struggles and sufferings of innocent and ignorant villagers. Ramasagaram village is just a representative of any village in Nizam’s rule. Timidity and lack of unity and awareness among the masses helped a handful of people to exploit the poor. A well-informed and good-intentioned gentleman (Panthulu) came to their rescue. He explained to the villagers about their rights. He helped them pick up courage and form into associations (SANGHALU). That ultimately solved their problems. Hence, the title perfectly suits the story.
Question 2.
“With all these atrocities, we cannot live”, cries a woman of Ramasagaram. Explain the atrocities the villagers were subjected to?
Answer:
“Sanghala Panthulu”, an insightful Telugu story by Suravaram Pratapa Reddy, portrays the plight of the innocent poor. English rendering of the story by Elanaaga (Dr. N. Surendra) captures its spirit well. The story lists the atrocities Ramasagaram villagers were subjected to by the police. They (atrocities) were innumerable and unjust.
They (villagers) were forced to supply to the police fowls, eggs, groceries, todday and nuts and fruits. The police demanded drudgery. The poor had to clean their toilets, press their legs, get for them firewood, etc. The wages the poor got for their services or supplies were beatings and scoldings. They were branded on the cheeks. An old, tired and hungry woman was beaten to death. The list is Pendless.
Question 3.
They realized that the lack of unity had been the cause for their plight. What followed this realisation? How did it help the people of Ramasagaram? * (Imp) (Model Paper)?
Answer:
“Sanghala Panthulu”, a social story by Suravaram Pratapa Reddy, presents us valuable life lessons. Its English translation by Elanaaga (Dr. N. Surendra) impresses the readers. The story describes the problems the villagers faced. Then it analyses the reasons. And finally it offers a practicable solution.
So, the crisis was resolved. The police were the exploiters. Ramasagaram villagers were the victims. The causes were the lack of unity among them, their timidity, ignorance, etc. With the help of Sanghala Panthulu, the villagers understood the problem. They stood united. They formed themselves into associations. They proved their strength and courage. Their problems ended. Joy pervaded the village. Celebrations started.
Question 4.
Describe the result of the declaration by the “Mohathemeem”.?
Answer:
Suravaram’s social story, “Sanghala Panthulu”, presents the pathetic plight of Ramasagaram villagers. Elanaaga translated this moving Telugu story into English. The police went on exploiting the innocent villagers ruthlessly. Sandhala Panthulu came to the rescue of the poor. The police were angry with Panthulu.
When they tried to arrest Panthulu, a good number of youth revolted against the police. The police complained against them. The Mohathemeem came to enquire into the incident. He found the police were guilty. He declared the dismissal, suspension and scaling down of different police personnel. The villagers felt happy. Their joy knew no bounds. Feasts followed. Justice prevailed.
Sanghala Panthulu Summary in English
Suravaram Pratapa Reddy is multifaceted personality. His writings mainly reflect local history and local people’s sufferings. The story Sanghala Panthulu crafted by Suravaram Pratapa Reddy is a caustic comment on contemporary complex problems. It is translated into English by Elanaaga (Dr. N. Surendra). Like other works of Suravaram, this story also reflects local history and local masses struggles and suffering. Gripping narration moves readers into those periods and places. It offers interesting insights into the then social, economic, political and cultural conditions.
The story takes place in a tiny river side village known as Ramasagaram, ruled by the Nizams. The village Ramasagaram is just a symbol. The time of the story is pre-1940. Most of the villagers are either illiterate or not well-informed. Atrocities witnessed in that village are common all over the Nizam’s state.
It is because people are timid and unorganized. Lack of unity among people, their ignorance about their rights comes in handy to the exploiters. The police are exploiting them to the core. In fact, the village needs no police station. Their only duty is to demand. drudgery, fowls and required grocery without any payment.
They have madigas for drudgery and komatis for supplying commodities. Thus, things are moving happily. But the farmers are perturbed. They observe the lives of people on the other side of the river Krishna ruled by the British. They find that the people are happy there.
Meanings and Explanations
frontier (n) /frantıə(r)/ (ఫ్రన్ టీఅ(ర్)) (disyllabic) = border: సరిహద్దు, सीमांत
the rest (noun phrase) = the others; remaining: మిగిలినవి, रहना
sundry (adj)/sandri/ (సన్ డ్రి) (disyllabic) = several: చాలా various; వివిధ, विभिन्न
jawan, jamedar, Ameen: terms denoting police personnel : పొలిసు సిబ్బందిని, వారి హోదాను సూచించే పదములు, जमींदार
drudgery (n) /dradzəri/ (డ్రజరి) (trisyllabic) hard and boring work : కఠోర శ్రమ; వెట్టిచాకిరి
commodities (n-pl) /kamodati:z/ (కమొడటీజ్) = useful goods : సరుకులు, దైనందిన వాడుక వస్తువులు
splinters (n-pl) /splıntə(r)z/ (కమొడటీజ్ ) (disyllabic) = pieces of wood used as firewood; పోయిల్లా కట్టెలు, किरच, छिपटी
perturbed (adj) /pǝ(r)t3:(r)bd/ (ప(ర్)ట(ర్)బ్ డ్) (disyllabic) = troubled; angered: ఇబ్బందులకు ; కోపమునకు గురిచేయబడిన, व्याकुल करना
seethe (v) /si:ð/ (సీడ్ ) (monosyllabic) = boil (with anger) : (కోపంతో) మరిగిపోవు, उबलना
hew (v) /hju:/ (హ్యూ) (monosyllabic) = cut : ముక్కలు చేయు, నరుకు, कुल्हाड़ी से काटना
Rela; Cassia = = names of plants and trees in forests : అడవి చెట్ల పేర్లు, जंगल का पेड़
fume (v) /fju:m/ (ఫ్యూమ్) (monosyllabic) = express great anger : తీవ్ర కోపము వెలిబుచ్చు, गड़बड़ कर देना
corpse (n) /ko:(r)ps/ (కో(ర్)ప్ స్) (monosyllabic) = a dead body : శవము , सव
summon (v) /sɅmən/ (సమన్) (disyllabic) = call : పిలుచు, बुलाव
badam, akhrot, pista = names of nuts: పప్పులు, గింజలు పేర్లు दाल
treacherous (adj) /tretsǝrǝs/ (ట్రెచరస్ ) (trisyllabic) = deceitful: మోసపూరిత, विस्वसघाती
quiet (adj) /kwalǝt/ (క్వ్తెఅట్ ) (disyllabic) = calm : ప్రశాంతంగా, शांति, स्थिरता
persuade (v) /pɔ(r)sweid/ (ప(ర్)స్వేఇడ్ ) (disyllabic) = make someone agee to : ఒప్పించు, నచ్చచెప్పు, पुसलना
station (v) /steisǝn/ (స్టెఇషన్) (disyllabic) = to place to do a duty : ఏదైనా పని చేయు నిమ్మిత్తం ఒకరిని ఒక చోట ఉంచు, स्टेशन
fowls, cocks = birds; chickens: పక్షులు; కోళ్ళు, मुर्गा
storeyed (adj) /stɔ:rid/ (స్టోరిడ్) (disyllabic) = with floors : అంతస్తులు కల
Note: story = కథ; storey = floor = అంతస్తు
sport (v)/spɔ:(r)t/ (స్పో(ర్)ట్) (monosyllabic) = display : ప్రదర్శించు; ధరించి చూపు, मन बहलाना
do away with (idiom) = put an end to : ముగింపు పలుకు ; పరిష్కరించు
abound (v) /ǝbaund/ (అబౌండ్ ) (disyllabic) = fill to full : నిండుగా నింపు
timid (adj) /tımıd/ (టీమిడ్) (disyllabic) = lacking in courage: ధైర్యము లేని cowardly : పిరికి, डरपोक
instill (v) /instil/ (ఇన్ స్టిల్) (disyllabic) = to cause a quality to become part of someone’s nature : ఒక లక్షణమును ఒక వ్యక్తి స్వభావములో భాగము చేయు
plight (n) /plait/ (ప్లైట్) (monosyllabic) = a difficult situation : కష్టము, दुर्दशा
consensus (n) /kǝnsensǝs/ (కన్ సెస్ సస్ ) = agreement among many : ఏకాభిప్రాయము , अनुकूलता
emerge (v) /imз:(r)dz/(ఇమ(ర్)జ్) (disyllabic) = come into view : కనిపించు; ప్రవేశించు, प्रकट होना
alert (v) /ǝl3:(r)t/ (అల(ర్)ట్) (disyllabic) = warn : హెచ్చరించు, चेतावनी देना
fetch (v) /fets/ (ఫెచ్) (monosyllabic) = get; obtain: పొందు; వేలకు బదులుగా దేనికైనా గ్రహించు
are (అరె), khabardar (కబడ్డార్) = కోపాన్ని, హెచ్చరికలను వ్యక్తీకరించే పదాలు
snarl (v)/sna:(r)// (స్నా(ర్)ల్) (monosyllabic) = say very angrily : చాలా కోపంగా అరచు, गुरहिट
prostrate (v) /prostreit/ (ప్రోస్ట్రేఇట్) (disyllabic) = lying flat with face down as a token of respect : సాష్టా౦గపడుदंडवत पड़ा हुआ
brand (v) /brænd/ (బ్య్రా౦డ్ ) (monosyllabic) = a burn flesh with hot iron : వాతపెట్టు; కాల్చిన ఇనుముతో , व्यापारिक चिन्ह
flank (n) /flænk/(ష్ణ్యానిక్) (monosyllabic) = the body part between the last rib and the hip: తొంటి భాగము
atrocities (n-pl)/ǝtrasətiz/(ఆట్రోసటీజ్ ) (polysyllabic-4 syllables) = very cruel acts: అరాచకములు క్రూర చర్యలు
peepul (n) = name of a tree: రావిచెట్టు
insist (v) /Insist/ (ఇన్ సిస్ ట్) (disyllabic) = demand : గట్టిగా కోరు
pompously (adv) /pompǝsli/ (పోమ్ పస్ లి) (trisyllabic) = in an affectedly grand way : ఆడంబరముగ; పైకి తెచ్చిపెట్టుకున్న గాంభీర్యంతో, గొప్పగా
patrol (v) /pǝtrǝul/ (పత్రఉల్) (disyllabic) = go round as a guard : రక్షకుడి వలె పహారా తిరుగు
pertaining to (phrase) = connected to: సంబంధించిన
enraged (v-pt)/inreidzd/ (ఇన్ రెఇజ్ డ్) (disyllabic) = became very angry : బాగా కోపగించుకొనెను
tipsy (adj) /tipsi/ (టిప్సి) (disyllabic) = drunk : త్రాగిన మైకంలో ఉన్న
hail from (phrase) = come from ; belong to (a place) (ఏ ప్రాంతానికి చెందిన; నుండి వచ్చిన
deprive (v) /diprarv/ (డిప్రైవ్) (disyllabic) prevent someone from having something : వచ్చేది రాకుండా చేయు
shriek (v) /fri:k/ (ప్రీక్) (monosyllabic) = cry : అరచు; ఏడ్చు
beseech (v) /brsi:tf/ (బిసీచ్) (disyllabic) = request : విన్నవించు; beg
to no avail (phrase) = to no use : ఉపయోగం లేకుండా; ఫలితం లేకుండా
thrash (v) /9ræf/ (త్ర్యాష్) (monosyllabic) beat mercilessly : నిర్దయగా కొట్టు
rotund (adj) /routAnd/ (రఉటన్) (disyllabic) = having a fat round body : కొవ్వుపట్టి బలిసిన శరీరం కల
divulge (v) /darvAld3/ (డైవల్) (disyllabic) = reveal : తెలియచెప్పు; బహిర్గతము చేయు
instigate (v) /instagert/ (ఇన్టగెట్) (trisyllabic) = to incite : రెచ్చగొట్టు, भड़काना
looming large (idiom) = seeming hard to avoid something dangerous : ఏదో ప్రమాదము ఆప వీలుకాకుండా జరుగబోతున్నట్లున్నది.
scale down (phrase) = reduce : తగ్గించు, काम करना
delight (n) /dilart (డిలైట్) (disyllabic) joy; pleasure : ఆనందము, खुश
feasts (n-pl) /fi:sts/ (ఫీస్) (monosyllabic) = large, ceremonial meals : భారీ విందు భోజనములు; daavat, दावत देना
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