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Lifelines of National Economy AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson

Question 1.
Multiple choice questions?
Question (i) Which two of the following extreme locations are connected by the east-west corridor?
  1. Mumbai and Nagpur
  2. Silchar and Porbandar
  3. Mumbai and Kolkata
  4. Nagpur and Siligudi

Answer: Silchar and Porbandar

Question (ii) Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays?
  1. Railways
  2. Roadways
  3. ipeline
  4. Waterways

Answer: Pipeline

Question (iii) Which one of the following states is not connected with the H.V.J. pipeline?
  1. Madhya Pradesh
  2. Maharashtra
  3. Gujarat
  4. Uttar Pradesh

Answer: Maharashtra

Question (iv) Which one of the following ports is the deepest land-locked and well-protected port along the east coast?
  1. Chennai
  2. Paradwip
  3. Tuticorin
  4. Vishakhapatnam

Answer: Vishakhapatnam

Question (v) Which one of the following is the most important modes of transportation in India ?
  1. Pipeline
  2. Railways
  3. Roadways
  4. Airways

Answer: Roadways

Question (vi) Which one of the following terms is used to describe trade between two or more countries?
  1. Internal trade
  2. International trade
  3. External trade
  4. Local trade

Answer: International trade

Question 2.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words?
Question (i) State any three merits of roadways?

Answer: Merits of Roadways:

  1. They are cheaper than railways in terms of construction costs
  2. Roads can go through dissected and undulating land areas and through steep mountains
  3. They are economical as loading costs are low and door-to-door service can be ; availed of
Question (ii) Where and why is rail transport the most convenient means of transportation?

Answer: A. Rail transport is the most convenient means of transportation in the Northern plains because

  1. Construction of railway lines in the plains is easy due to the gentle slope of the land
  2. The Northern plains are densely populated, which enables the maximum number of people to utilise this means of transport
  3. Railways are the principle mode of transportation for freight (goods) and passengers in India
Question (iii) What life the significance of the border roads?

Answer: The significance of the border roads is that

  1. Border roads have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain
  2. These roads have helped in the economic development of border areas
  3. They have made the movement of defence forces easy to keep vigil in north and north-eastern parts of the country
Question (iv) What is meant by trade? What is the difference between international and local trade?

Answer:

  1. Trade is the exchange of goods among people, states and countries
  2. When trade takes place between states, cities or yillages within a city, it is known as local trade
  3. Local trade does not impact the value of the national currency
  4. When trade takes place between two countries, it is known as international trade
  5. International trade impacts the value of national currency
Question 3.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words?
Question (i) Why are the means of transportation and communication called the lifelines of a nation and its economy?

Answer: The means of transportation and communication are called the lifelines of a nation and economy. This is because

  1. They are the backbone of the economy and development of a nation
  2. Transport helps facilitating the movement of goods and people from one place to another. Some of the( modes of transport are roads, railways, waterways, airways, pipeline and ropeways
  3. Means of communication help in carrying messages, ideas and technology from one place to another
  4. Modern means of communication help us to convey messages without using means of transport. Internet, radio, television and newspapers are some of the important means of communication
  5. Transport connects markets and production sources
Question (ii) Write a note on the changing nature of the international trade in the last fifteen years?

Answer: The changing nature of the international trade for India, in the last fifteen years, has been impressive

  1. Exchange of information and knowledge has surpassed commodities
  2. Through its advanced software knowledge and excellence in the field of information technology, India has emerged as a viable contender at the international level and is earning huge amounts of foreign exchange through the same
  3. Tourism too has added to Indias upgraded position in international trade
  4. In 2004, there was a 23.5% increase in foreign tourist arrivals as against the number in 2003. Thus international trade for India has undergone a cognisable change in the past fifteen years
Question.
Quiz Drive?
  1. Northern terminal of the North-south corridor
  2. The name of National Highway No.2
  3. The headquarter of the southern railway zone
  4. The rail gauge with a track width of 1.676 m
  5. The southern terminal of the National Highway No.7
  6. A Riverine Port
  7. Busiest railway junction in Northern India

Answer:

  1. Srinagar
  2. Shershah Suri Marg
  3. Chennai
  4. Broad guage
  5. Kanyakumari
  6. Kolkata (Port Trust)
  7. Mughalsarai
ACTIVITY
Question1.
Start your search vertically, horizontally or diagonally and reach various destinations across the country?

Answer:

AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson InText Questions and Answers Lifelines of National Economy

ACTIVITY :
Question 1.
Collect information of National Highway numbers (old and new) from the website morth.nic.in/national-highwayHdetailsfThe historical Sher-Shah Suri Marg between Delhi and Amritsar is known by which National Highway ?

Answer:

  1. Information of National Highway Numbers Student Activity
  2. The historical Sher-Shah Suri Marg is called National Highway No. 1, between Delhi and Amritsar
ACTIVITY :
Question 2.
Find put the current Railway zones and their headquarters. Also locate the headquarters of Railway zones on the map of India?

Answer:

Current Railway Zones Their Headquarter
Northern Railway Delhi
North Central Railway Allahabad
North - East Railway Gorakhpur
Eastern Central Railway Hazipur
North - East Frontier Railway Guwahati
Eastern Railways Kolkata
South - East Railway Kolkata
South - East Central Railway Bilaspur
East Coast Railway Bhubaneshwar
Southern Railway Chennai
South Central Railway Secunderabad
South - West Railway Hubli
Central Railway Mumbai
Western Railway Mumbai
West Central Railway Jabalpur
North - West Railway Jaipur

The map of India can be used to locate the headquarters of each railway zone

ACTIVITY :
Question 3.
Railway line has been extended front Banihal to Baramula in the Kashmir Valley. Locate these, two towns on the map of India?

Answer:

INTEXT :
Question 4.
Why is air travel preferred in the north-eastern states ?

Answer: Air travel is preferred in the north-eastern states due to the presence of following factors

  1. Presence of big rivers like Brahmaputra
  2. Dissected relief features
  3. Dense forest cover
  4. Occurrence of frequent floods
  5. International frontiers
ACTIVITY :
Question 5.
On the map of India show important tourist places of your State/UT and its connectivity with other parts of the country by railways/roadways/airways?

Answer:

  1. Kanaka Durgamma Temple, Undvalli caves and Mother Mary temple in Vijayawada, NTR district
  2. Nagarjuna konda in Guntur district
  3. Beach , Rushikonda in Visakhapatnam district
  4. The Grand Canyon of India, Garidikota is a small and quaint village in the YSR Kadapa district
  5. Lord Venkateswara Swamy temple in Tirupathi district
Question 6.
What type of tourism may be developed in your State/UT and why?

Answer: In our state Andhra Pradesh, there are various types of tourism that can be developed for different reasons

  1. Cultural Tourism: We can explore ancient temples, forts and places to learn about the states rich history and art. This type of tourism helps preserve and showcase the states heritage
  2. Pilgrimage Tourism : Andhra Pradesh is famous for its famous for its temples, especially Tirumala Tirupati, which attracts many Hindu devotees. Pilgrimage tourism bring in donations and suports the local economy
  3. Ecq-Tourism : The state has beautiful nature places like hills, forests and rivers, offering opportunities for trekking and wildlife viewing. Eco-tourism promotes nature conservation and attracts nature lovers
  4. Beach Tourism : With a long coastline, Andhra Pradesh has lovely beaches like Vizag Beach. Beach tourism attracts tourists for water sports and relaxation.
  5. Heritage Tourism : Historical sites like Buddhist relics in Amaravati and ancient ruins in Visakhapatnam can be explored. Heritage tourism appeals to history enthusiastic
  6. Medical Tourism : The state has top-notch health-care facilities making it a destination for medical treatments
  7. Adventure Tourism : Opportunities for adventure activities like river rafting, paragliding and trekking are available. This type of tourism is for those seeking excitement and adventure
Question 7.
Which areas in your State/UT you find more attractive for development of tourism and why?

Answer: Several areas in Andhra Pradesh have great potential for the development of tourism due to their unique attractions and features. Some of the areas are Visakhapatnam (Vizag), Tirupathi, Araku Valley, Amaravathi, Vijayawada, Rajahmundry, Srisailam, Nellore, Kurnool etc.  These regious offer a mix of cultural, natural and historical attractions, making them attractive for various types of tourism. Developing these areas can help diversify the tourism landscape in Andhra Pradesh and boost the local economy

Question 8.
How tourism may be helpful for the economic development of a region adopting sustainable development approach ?

Answer: Tourism can boost a regions economy while protecting its environment and culture if it follows sustainable practices. Here are some

  1. Creating Jobs : Tourism offers jobs in hotels, restaurants and more sustainable tourism helps locals get these jobs
  2. Making Money: Tourism brings in income for local businesses and crafts people. Sustainable tourism keeps more money in the community
  3. Building Better Infrastructure : Tourism needs good roads and places to stay. Sustainable tourism plans these well and doesnt harm the environment
  4. Protecting Culture: Sustainable tourism keeps local traditions and arts alive, making money while preserving culture
  5. Adventure Tourism : Opportunities for adventure activities like river rafting, paragliding and trekking are available. This type of tourism is for those seeking excitement and adventure
Question 7.
Which areas in your State/UT you find more attractive for development of tourism and why?

Answer: Several areas in Andhra Pradesh have great potential for the development of tourism due to their unique attractions and features. Some of the areas are Visakhapatnam (Vizag), Tirupathi, Araku Valley, Amaravathi, Vijayawada, Rajahmundry, Srisailam, Nellore, Kurnool etc. These regious offer a mix of cultural, natural and historical attractions, making them attractive for various types of tourism. Developing these areas can help diversify the tourism landscape in Andhra Pradesh and boost the local economy

Question 8.
How tourism may be helpful for the economic development of a region adopting sustainable development approach?

Answer: Tourism can boost a regions economy while protecting its environment and culture if it follows sustainable practices. Here are some

  1. Creating Jobs : Tourism offers jobs in hotels, restaurants and more sustainable tourism helps locals get these jobs
  2. Making Money : Tourism brings in income for local businesses and crafts people. Sustainable tourism keeps more money in the community
  3. Building Better Infrastructure : Tourism needs good roads and places to stay. Sustainable tourism plans these well and doesnt harm the environment
  4. Protecting Culture : Sustainable tourism keeps local traditions and arts alive, making money while preserving culture
INTEXT :
Question 9.
Prepare a project on the heritage tourism in India?

Answer: Introduction: Heritage Tourism is the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated froms within the place visited. Heritage Tourism is travelling for recreational or leisure purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited"

Heritage Tourism has become popular global leisure activity. In 2014, there were over 903 million international tourist arrivals, with a growth of 6.6% as compared to 2013. International tourist receipts were USD 856 billion in 2011. Despite the uncertainities in the global economy, arrivals grew at around 5% during the first four months of 2015, almost a similar growth than the same period in 2014. Tourism in India has seen exponential growth in the recent years. India is one of the most preferred destinations for both overseas and domestic travellers. Tourism enables the international traveller to understand and experience Indias cultural diversity first hand

According to official estimates, the Indian tourism industry has out performed the global tourism industry in terms of growth in the volume of foreign tourists as well as in terms of revenue. United National has classified three forms of Tourism in its Recommendations on Tourism Statistics

  1. Domestic Tourism, which involves residents of the given country
  2. Inbound Tourism, involving non-residents travelling in the given country and
  3. Outbound Tourism, involving residents travelling in another country. The UN also derived different categories of Tourism by combining the three basic forms of tourism
  4. Internal tourism, which comprises domestic tourism and inbound tourism
  5. National tourism, which comprises domestic tourism and outbound tourism and
  6. International tourism, which consists of inbound tourism and outbound tourism. The historic arid cultural resources associated with people events, or aspects of a communitys past give that community its sense of identify and help tell its story. These resources are the most tangible reflections of a communitys heritage. History can and should be used as a selling point for a community
  7. The recognition of ah areas historic resources bring about neighbourhood revitalization, increased and sustainable tourism, economic development through private investment, and citizenship building
  8. When communitiestravel-related entities partner with public or private organizations, the historic, cultural and natural resources are more effectively promoted to meet the heritage travellers desire for an integrated and enriching experience

Important Question

Lifelines of National Economy AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions

AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions: 8 Marks

Question 1.
Distinguish between Transport and Communication?

Answer:

Transport Communication
1) Transportation is a medium to carry people and goods, from one place to another place 1) Communication is a medium for trans-ferring the message from one place to another. The communication can be of any type, like the message telephone, direct communication etc
2) Transportation takes times to transport the people and goods from one place to another 2) Communication in the current world takes less than a minute to communicate to the person mile away
3) In the earlier period the animals were used for transportation purpoSE, hut after the new inventions vehicles are used as a mode of transportation 3) For communication, the internet is widely used in the current world. The messages and data are shared quickly throughout the world. Mass media communication helps to deliver the message to the whole world within seconds
4) Transportation can be through waterways, airways, roadways or through pipelines ) Communication also has different kinds of ways used to communicate. There are two type of communication that is personal and mass media commu-nication. Personal communication includes telephone, whatsapp, telegram post etc., while mass communication include radio, TV, Facebook, etc
5) There is huge development from the bullock cart to the spaceship. The inventions of new technology have saved the time immensely 5) In communication also, the development with technology is being massive, These developments have reduced the communication time from days and months to minutes and seconds
Question 2.
Describe the measures taken for the quick delivery of mails in cities and towns?

Answer: Measures taken for quick delivery of emails in cities and large towns are following

  • The Indian postal network is the largest in the world
  • It handles parcels as well as personal written communication
  • Cards and envelops are considered first class mail and airlifted between stations covering both land and air
  • To facilitate quick delivery of emails in large towns and cities, six main channels have been introduced recently. They are called
  • Rajdhani Channel
  • Metro Channel
  • Green Channel
  • Business Channel
  • Bulk mail Channel and
  • Periodical Channel
Question 3.
Why is air travel more popular in the North-states of India ?

Answer:

  • The North - Eastern states of India are Arnphchal Pradesh, Anam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland,-Sikkim and Tripuiia
  • The north east part of India consists of massive rivers, dissected relief, dense forests, frequent floods and in particular international frontiers
  • These factors build aviation as a-convenient mode of transportation in these areas
  • The air travel is the fastest most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport
  • It can cover very difficult terrains like high mountains, dreary deserts and also long oceanic stretches with great ease
  • Airways have made access easier in the north - eastern part of the country which is very useful especially during natural calamities
Question 4.
Describe the importance of pipelines in India. Name three important networks of pipeline transportation in the country?

Answer: The pipeline transport network is a new arrived on the transportation of India

  • Transport of crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants
  • Even solids can be transported through pipelines when converted into a slurry
  • The far inland locations or refineries and gas - based fertilizer plants could be transported
  • The initial cost of laying pipelines is high but subsequent running costs are minimal
  • It rules out transhipment losses or delays
Three important networks of pipeline transportation in India:
  • From the oil field in the Upper Assam to Kanpur (UP), Via Guwahati, Baraumi and Allahabad
  • From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab. Via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Sonipat
  • Gas pipeline from Hazira in Gujarat connects Jagdishpur pipeline in UP, Via Vijaipur in MP. It is the longest pipeline in India
Question 5.
Roadways still have an edge over the railways in India. "Support the statement with examples?

Answer: Roadways still have an edge over railways in India

  • Construction cost of roadways is much lower than that of railways
  • Roads can traverse comparatively more dissecting and undulating plains
  • Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and can traverse mountains like Himalayas
  • Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and small amount of goods over short distances
  • It also provides door to door services
  • Cost of loading and unloading is much lower
  • Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide link between railway station, airports and sea ports
Question 6.
Classify the roads according to their capacity and describe the role of each?

Answer: In India, roads are classified in six classes according to their capacity as given below

  1. Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways (Expressways) : These projects are imple-mented by the (NHAI). There are three major Super Highways
  • Golden Quadrilateral starts from Delhi, moves to Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and back to Delhi
  • The North - South corridor starts from Srinagar to Kanyakumari
  • The East - West corridor connects Silchar to Porbandar
  1. National Highways : These roads are laid maintained by Central Public Works Department (CPWD). A number of major National ftighways run in North - South and East - West directions, e.g., Sher-Shah-Suri Marg is called National Highway No. 1
  2. State Highways : Roads linking a state capital with different district headquarters are known as state highways. These roads are constructed and maintained by states and Union Territories
  3. District Roads: These roads connect the district headquarters with other places of the district. These roads are maintained by the Zilla Parishad
  4. Rural Roads: These roads link rural areas and villages with towns. These roads are constructed under the Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojana
  5. Border Roads : These have increased accessibility in areas of difficult terrian. Projects related to Super Highways are being implemented by the NHAI
Question 7.
Describe the physical and economic factors that influence the distribution pattern of the Indian Railways network?

Answer: The distribution pattern of the Railway network in the country has been largely influ-enced by physiographic, economic and administrative factors

Physiographic Factors
  • The northern plains with their vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources provided the most favourable condition for their growth
  • A large number of rivers requiring construction of bridges across their wide beds posed some obstacles
  • In the hilly terrains of the peninsular region, railway tracts are laid through tow hills, gaps or tunnels
  • It is difficult to lay railway tracks in the sandy plahssOf western Rajasthan, Swamps of Gujarat and forested areas of states in General India, e.g., Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Jharkhand
Economic Factos:
  • State funding plays a vital role in the development bf railways across the nations
  • The state with flexible laws supports the growth of railways
  • The places that are highly industrialised attract the development of railways
  • Since the growth of both is complimentary to each other, E.g., recently railway network is enhancing along the industrial corridors
Question 8.
Explain the importance of railways as the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India?

Answer: The importance of Indian Railways as a means of transport for freight and passengers in India are as follows

  • Railways make it possible to conduct multifarious activities like business, sight seeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods
  • It is suitable for long distance travel
  • Plays an important role in national integration
  • Railways bind the economic life of the country
  • It accelerates the development of the industry and agriculture
  • Today the railways have become more important than all other means of transport put together
Question 9.
Distinguish between Personal Communication and Mass Communication?

Answer: Personal Communication:

  • The exchange of information between the individuals is called personal commptncation
  • It includes post and telegraph services, telephone, mobile phone, short message services, fax, internet, e-mail etc
  • Personal communication system enables the user to establish direct contact
Mass communication:
  • Mass communication enables millions of people to get time information at the same time
  • it is a great way to provide education as well as entertainment
  • The mass communication systems can provide the information to people in two methods. They are Print Media and Electronic Media
Question 10.
Describe the major seaports of India?

Answer: India is a peninsular country and has a long coast line. There are 12 major and 187 minor seaports in the country. Some famous seaports are

  • Mumbai is the biggest port. Jawaharlal Nehru port was built in order to decongest the Mumbai port
  • Murmugao port in Goa is an important iron ore exporting port in the country
  • New Mangalore port exports iron ore which is concentrated in the Kudremukh mines
  • Kochi port is located in the extreme south western part of the country. It has been develop alongside a natural harbour
  • Tuticorn port in Tamil Nadu hasa natural harbour and exports cargos to our neighbouring countries
  • Chennai is one of the oldest artificial ports of our country. It is next to Mumbai in terms of trading activities
  • Visakhapatnam is the deepest land locked port
  • Kolkata is an inland reverine port. Haldia port was developed to reduce pressure of the Kolkata port
  • Paradwip port in Odisha specialise in the export ofiron ore
  • Kandla in Kutch was the first port developed after independence to ease the pressure on The Mumbai port
Question 11.
"Railways in India promotes the socio-economic life of the country." Examine the statement?

Answer: The Indian railways promote socio-economic life of the country in the following ways

  1. The nations economic life is tied together by the transportation of various goods by Indian railways, including agricultural products, iron and steel, fertilisers, and mineral ores
  2. It facilitates the movement of goods and provides affordable connectively for people at lower cost
  3. It also majtes it possible for people to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, pilgrimage, etc
  4. Railways help industrial and agricultural development proceeds more quickly, which boosts the nations economy
  5. Perishable foods, agricultural implements, and other items can be transported quickly over long distances
  6. Railways help in facing man-made calamities like social, political, and religious disturbances, insurgencies, etc. It facilitates the easy movement of police, troops, defence equipment, etc. during times of emergency
Question 12.
Describe the physical and economic factors that influenced the distribution pattern of the Indian Railways network?

Answer:

  • The distribution pattern of the Indian Railways was influenced by physical, economic find administrative factors
  • The northern plains provided the most favourable conditions for its growth, because of vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources. However there were large number of rivers here were required construction of bridges across their wide beds
  • The Himalayan regions were unfavourable for its growth as it had high relief, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities
  • it was also difficult to lay trades "in the swamps of Gujarat, sand plains of Rajashthan and forested areas of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattigarh, Orissa and Jharkhand
  • The continuous stretch of the SahadryiS could only be crossed through gaps of passes
  • The development of the Konkan railway along the western coast helped in access in the most important economic region of the country. But this has faced problems of sighing of tracks in some areas and longitudes too
Question 13.
"Roadways still have an edge over railways in India." Support the statement with arguments?

Answer: As of 2022, the total length of National Highways in the country was 144634 km. The growing importance of road transport vis-a-vis rail transport is rooted in the following " reasons

  • Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines
  • It is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances
  • Roads provide door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower
  • Roads can transverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography
  • Roads/ian negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can transverse mountains such as the Himalayas
  • Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport. They provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports
Question 14.
What is the difference between international and local trade?

Answer:

Aspeet International Trade Local Trade
Definition Exchange of goods and services between different countries Exchange of goods and services within a specific city, town or village
Transportation Involves movement across nationalborders using sea, air and land transport Typically involves shorter distances and local transport systems like roadways
Influencing Influenced by traffics, trade agreements, currency exchange rates Often regulated by local laws and regulations.
Factions Has a larger scale and impact on the over all economy of a country Contributes more directly to the local economy, supporting local businesses and livelihoods
Economic Impact Involves the import and export of wide range of products including raw materials, finished goods and services Focuses on meeting local demands. for daily necessities and services
Product Range Requires complex logistics and documentation due to customs regulations and international agreements: Relatively simpler and more immediate in nature.
Question 15.
What are the advantages of waterways as a means oT transport?

Answer: Cost-effective : Water transport is relatively cheaper compared to other modes of transportation,yaking it cost-effective for carrying goods in bulk

  1. Suitable for heavy and bulky goods: Waterways are suitable for transporting heavy and bulky goods, as they can accommodate large Vessels and have high capacity
  2. Environmentally friendly: Water transport has a lower carbon footprint compared to other modes of transportation, as it produces fewer emissions and consumes less fuel
  3. Accessibility: Waterways provide access to remote areas and can reach places
  4. that are not easily accessible by other modes of transport such as railways or roads
  5. Less congestion: Waterways usually have less congestion Compared to roads or railways, resulting in smoother and more efficient transportation of goods
  6. Support for international trade: Waterways play a crucial role in facilitating international trade, as they provide access to ports for imports and exports
  7. Fuel efficiency: Water transport is fuel-efficient, as ships can carry a large quantity of goods using relatively less fuel compared to other modes of transport
  8. Economic development: Development of waterways can stimulate economic growth by connecting different regions and promoting trade and commerce
Question 16.
What Is the significance of the Digital India programme?

Answer:

  1. Transformative : The Digital India programme aims to transform India into a knowledge-based society by making technology central to enabling change. It focuses on leveraging information technology and Indian talent to shape the future of the country
  2. Economic Development : Digital India is an umbrella programme that aims to prepare India for a knowledge-based transformation. By promoting the use of technology, it can drive economic growth, create employment opportunities, and attract investment in the country
  3. Access to Information : The programme seeks to improve access to information and bridge the digital divide by providing connectivity and digital infrastructure. It aims to extend telecom networks, including STD facilities, to every village in India
  4. Efficient Communication : Digital India emphasizes the development of communication infrastructure, including mass communication channels like radio, television, newspapers, and films. It enables quick and efficient dissemination of information, entertainment, and awareness about national programmes and policies
  5. Global Trade : The programme highlights the importance of a dense and efficient network of transport and communication for local, national, and global trade. It facilitates international trade by leveraging Indias technological capabilities, such as software exports and information technology expertise
  6. National Integration: Digital India promotes national integration by connecting different parts of the country through digital infrastructure, including roads, railways, airways, and information and communication technology networks. It aims to bridge the gap between rural and urban areas and ensure equal opportunities for all
  7. Protecting Heritage : The programme recognizes the role of tourism as a trade and promotes the development of different types of tourism in India. It helps showcase the countrys rich cultural heritage and promotes international understanding

AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions: 4 Marks

Question 1.
Transport communication and trade are complimentary to each other - Explain?

Answer: The pace of development of a country depends upon the production of goods and services as well as their movement over space. Therefore, efficient means of transport is a pre-requisite for fast development.

  • For a long time, trade and transport were restricted to a limited space
  • With the development in sciehce and technology, the area of influence of trade and transport expanded far and wide
  • Today, the world has been connected into a large village with the help of efficient and fast moving transport
  • Transport has been able to achieve this with the help of equally developed communication system. Therefore transport, communication and trade are complementary to each other
Question 2.
Write any four problems related to road transportation in India?

Answer:

  • The national highways are too inadequate
  • Inadequate road networks keeping in view the volume and traffic and passengers
  • Poor road surfaces cause heavy loss in wear and tear of vehicles
  • The roadways are highly congested in cities and most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow
  • There are multiple, cheek- posts, toll - tax and octroi duties collection points on the roads which bring down the speed of the traffic waste time and the traffic, waste time and cause irritation to the commuters
Question 3.
What are national highways And write its importance?

Answer: The main road which are constructed and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (C.P.W.D) are known as national highways. These roads connect the state capitals, big cities and important ports. Importance

  • The national highways maintain the availability of essential products. The state to state trade is possible because of the national highways
  • All the essential products like the raw materials, finished products, vegetables, food grairis etc., are transported through these roads.
Question 4.
Write short note on border roads in India?

Answer:

  • The border roads organization, a Government of India undertaking constructs and maintain roads in the border areas of the country
  • This organisation was established in 1960 for the development of the roads of strategic importance in the northern and north-eastern border areas
  • These roads have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrian
  • These roads have helped in the economic development of these areas
Question 5.
What are the disadvantages of Indian Railways ?

Answer: Disadvantages:

  • Many passengers travel without tickets
  • Thefts and damaging of railway properties have not yet stopped completely
  • People stop the trains, pull the chain unnecessarily and these cause heavy damage to the railways
  • Railway transport is unsuitable and uneconomical for short distance and small traffic of goods
  • Another disadvantage of railway transport its flexibility. Its routes and timings cannot be adjusted to individual requirements
Question 6.
Write the significance of waterways in India?

Answer:

  • It is the cheapest means of transport
  • It is most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods
  • It is fuel efficient and environment friendly mode of transport
  • More than 95% of the countrys trade volume is moved by the sea
  • The maintenance cost of waterways is also negligible
  • With the development of the National waterways, it has become the main source of transportation for the national trade
Question 7.
Write a short note on Kandla Sea Port?

Answer: The characteristics of Kandla Sea port are

  • Kandla in Kuchchh was the first port developed soon after independence
  • It was developed to reduce the volume of traffic on Mumbai port
  • It is a tidal port
  • It caters to exports and imports of highly productive granary and industrialised states
Question 8.
Write the importance of airways in India?

Answer:

  • The air travel is the fastest, most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport in India
  • It can cover very difficult terrains like high mountains, deserts, dense forests and also long oceanic stretches with great ease
  • The airways also helps in increasing the trade specially that of perishable products
  • Air travel has made access easier
Question 9.
What is an International Trade ?
What is the role of international trade in development of a country ?

Answer: The trade between two countries is called international trade. It may take place through sea, air or land routes, Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. So, it is considered as the economic barometer of the country. Role of International Trade

  • No,Country can surive without international trade because resources are space bound
  • It is through international trade that we earn much of our foreign exchange which is required for importing many essential goods
  • Foreign trade helps in transfer of technology
  • Foreign trade leads to cultural exchange
Question 10.
Excessive use of road transportation is the main reason for ever increasing pollution which is very damaging for heedth. How according to you, this can be controlled ?

Answer: The measures to control pollution are as follows

  • Nowadays, most of the people rely on the roadways mode of transport
  • The excessive use of road tranportation is causing air, sound pollution
  • It is also one of the reason for deforestation
  • We can control these pollutions-by minimalizing the use of vehicles
  • Using public transport instead of riding the personal vehicles
  • We can walk or use bicycle as far as possible to reduce air pollution
  • Vehicle pollution can get reduced by reducing the consumption of fuel fuels
  • The person should turn off the ignition on the red signals
  • Electric buses and trains would reduce the pollution and will be environment friendly
Question 11.
Why means of transportation and communication are called lifelines of a nation and its economy ?

Answer:

  • Means of transport provide seamless movement of goods and people and thus facilitate various economic activities
  • Means of communication help in flow of information which is necessary for proper management of supply chain and financial transactions
  • Thus, means of transport and communication put life into a nation and its economy. Hence, they are called the lifeline of a nation and its economy
Question 12.
Explain the ways in which tourism promotes the related industries and services of the destination country?

Answer:

  • Tourism promotes various industries like handicraft industry, sculpture, sea-shell, regional handloom among others
  • Indian handicrafts and handloom in particular hold special attraction for the western tourists
  • Hospitality in services sectors is benefitted immensely, by tourism
  • Also, the transportation services reap the benefits of tourism
  • Over 2.6 million foreign tourists visit India every year.
  • For example, tourism contributed 14,000 crore rupees to the Indian exchequer in year 2000 and generated employment for 15 million people directly engaged in the tourism industry
Question 13.
"Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its prosperity". Support the statement with suitable examples?

Answer:

  • The advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. It is therefore, considered the economic barometer for a country
  • International trade plays a very important role in the development and growth of the country
  • The coming up of-MNCs give opportunities for employment in the country
  • Foreign trade enables a country to earn foreign exchange
  • With the help of foreign investment, the economy of the country becomes strong
Question 14.
India has emerged as a software giant at the International level. Suggest any one way to enhance the export of information technology?

Answer: Globalisation / International Trade

  • India is emerged as the software giant in the IT sector
  • It can be enhanced in many ways to improve the export of information technology
  • This platform can be promoted all over the world through planned and synchronized social media
  • It can also be enhanced through digital media marketing techniques
  • If this gets promoted with better and innovative ideas, countries all over the world would invest in our work and would also come forward to work with us
Question 15.
Why are efficient means of transport pre-requisites for the fast development of the country ?

Answer:

  • Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for fast development
  • Goods and services do not move from supply locales to demand locals on their own
  • The movement of these goods and services from their supply locations to demand locations necessitates the need for transport
  • The pace of a country depends upon the production of goods and services as well as their movement over space
  • Therefore efficient means of transport and communication are prerequisites for fast development
Question 16.
"Roadways still have an edge over railways in India." Support the statement with examples?

Answer: Roadways have more importance than Railways due to the following reasons

  • It provides door to door service
  • It can traverse comparatively more dissected areas and undulating topography
  • It goes to higher gradients of slopes and can transverse mountains such as Himalayas
  • Construction cost of roads is much less than that of railways lines
  • It is also used as feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide link between railway stations, air and sea ports
Question 17.
What is the significance of the balance of trade for a country?

Answer: It measures the difference between the value of a countrys exports and imports

  • A favorable balance of trade occurs when a countrys exports exceed its imports, indicating economic prosperity
  • An unfavorable balance trade occurs when a countrys imports exceed its exports, indicating potential economic challenges .
  • The balance of trade affects a countrys overall economic growth and development
  • A positive balance of trade can lead to increased employment, higher GDP, and improved living standards
  • A negative balance of trade may-result in job losses, decreased GDP, and economic instability
Question 18.
Explain the role of All India Radio in broadcasting programmes?

Answer: All India Radio broadcasts a variety of programmes in national, regional, and local languages

  • It reaches various categories of people across different parts of the country
  • It provides entertainment and creates awareness about national programmes and policies
  • It covers a wide range of topics, including entertainment, education, sports, and more, catering to people of different age groups
  • It plays a significant role in disseminating information from grassroot levels to higher authorities, helping in the flow of information throughout the-country
  • All India Radio contributes to cultural integration and national development by promoting regional languages and providing a common platform for communication
Question 19.
What is the difference between international and local trade?

Answer:

Aapect International trade local trade
Definition Exchange of goods and services between different countries Exchange of goods and services within a single country
Location Occurs across national borders Takes place within the borders of a single country
Regulation Subjects to customs regulations, tariffs, and international agreements Often governed by domestic laws and regulations
Question 20.
Read the paragraph carefully and answer the following
Questions?
India has a well-developed transportation system that plays a crucial role in the movement of goods and services and contributes to the countrys economic development. The transport system in India can be classified into land, water, and air transport. The roadways in India are extensive and form the second largest road network in the world, making them easily accessible and maintainable. The railway system is the largest public sector undertaking in India and has played a vital role in integrating the countrys economy for over 150 years. Additionally, pipeline transport7 is a growing industry in India, particularly for the transportation of crude oil petroleum products, and natural gas. Waterways are considered the cheapestm^s of transport, with India having a vast inland navigation network of 14,500 km. The majority of Indias foreign trade is conducted through its coastal ports; with 95% of the trade being handled by major sea ports. Overall, a strong and efficient network of transportation and communication is essential for local, national, and global trade
Question(i) What are the three main modes of transportation in India?

Answer: Land, water, and air transport

Question(ii) How does Indias road network compare globally?

Answer: India has the second largest road network in the world

Question(iii) What is the significance of the railway system in India?

Answer: The railway system is the largest public sector undertaking in India and has contributed to the integration of the countrys economy for over 150 years

Question(iv) What are the advantages of waterways as a mode of transport in India?

Answer: Waterways are the cheapest means of transport, and India has an extensive inland navigation network of 14,500 km

Question 21.
Read the Paragraph and answer the following
Questions?
Railways are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India. Railways also make it possible for people to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, piligrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances. Apart from an important means of transport the Indian Railways have been a great integrating force for more than ISO years. Railways in India bind the economic life of the country as well as accelerate the development of the industry and agriculture. The Indian Railways is the largest Public Sector undertaking in the country. The first train steamed off from Mumbaito Thane in 1853, covering a distance of 34 km. The Indian Railway is now reorganised into 16 zones
Question(i) When was the first railway line opened in India ?

Answer: Railways were first introduced to India in 1853, when a line was constructed from Mumbai to Thane covering a distance of 34 km

Question(ii) Why is the Indian Railways called the lifeline of the country ?

Answer: Railways in India bind the economic life of the country. It is the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India

Question(iii) Into how many zones the Indian Railway is now reorganised ?

Answer: The Indian Railway is now reorganised into 16 zones

Question 22.
Read the given Para and answer the following
Questions?
Ever since humans appeared on the earth, they have used different metnis of communication. But, the pace of change, has been rapid in modern times. Long distance communication is far easier without physical movement of the communicator or receiver. Personal communication and mass communication including television, radio, press, films, etc., are the major means of communication in the country. The Indian postal network is the largest in the world. It handles parcels as well as personal written communications Cards and envelopes are considered first-class mail and are airlifted between stations covering both land and air. The second class mailincludes bookpackets, registered newspapers and periodicals. They are carried by surface mail, covering land and water transport. To facilitate quick delivery of malls in large towns and cities, six mail channels have been introduced recently. They are called Rajdhani Channel, Metro Channel, Green Channel, Business Channel, Bulk Mail channel and Periodical Channel
Question(i) Examine the role of the Indian postal network?

Answer:

  1. It has helped the country to engage in communication and socio-economic development
  2. It provides various facilities like speed post, business post, registered post, ordinary post
Question(ii) Differentiate between mass communication and personal communication?

Answer: Mass communication is the medium which provides entertainment as well as creates awareness among the masses. It includes radio, television, newspapers, magazines, books, films, etc., Whereas personal communication is between people to people

Question(iii) Analyse the significance of communication for a nation?

Answer:

  • This is the age of communication using the telephone, television, films and the internet
  • Even books, magazines and newspapers are important means of communication
  • Various means of communication have connected the world closer
  • It is the source of entertainment and knowledge
Question 23.
Read the given Para and answer the following
Questions?
Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry. Tourism also promotes national integration, provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. It also helps in the development of international under-standing about our culture and heritage. Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourikm, eco tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism
Question(i) Write the name the different types of tourism for which foreign tourists visit India?

Answer: Foreign tourists visit India for

  • Heritage tourism
  • Eco tourism
  • Adventure tourism
  • Cultural tourism
  • Medical tourism
  • Business tourism
Question(ii) Describe the significance of tourism as a trade in India?

Answer:

  • There has been a significant growth over the last three decades in Indian tourism
  • More than 15 million people are directly employed in the tourism industry
Question(iii) How does tourism promote national integration ?

Answer: Tourism promotes national integration because through tourism, people from one part of the country visits another and helps in the development of culture and heritage

Question 24.
Distinguish between Metalled and Non-metalled Roads?

Answer: Metalled Roads:

  • Made of bitumen of coal, cement or concrete
  • All weather or season roads
Unmetalled Roads:
  • Made in the absence of cement and concrete and sometimes made even of sand and laid as extended roads
  • Limits its usage in rainy season
Question 25.
What are Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways ?
Mention any two objectives of this project?

Answer: The Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways is a major road development project linking Delhi - Koll0ta - Chennai - Mumbai and Delhi by Six lane Superways

Objectives:
  • To reduce the time and distance betwen the mega cities of India
  • To meet the requirement of the fast movement of traffic

AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions: 2 Marks

Question 1.
What is known as lifelines of the national economy ?

Answer: Lifelines of the national economy refers to the modes of transportation and communication that are crucial for the growth and development of a countrys economy

Question 2.
What is a new arrival on the transportation map of India ?

Answer: Pipeline transport network is a new arrival on the transportation map of India to transport liquids as well as solids in slurry form

Question 3.
What is the significance of border roads ?

Answer: Border roads are of strategic importance and these roads in the bordering areas of the country have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain and have helped in the economic development of these areas

Question 4.
What are the different types of roads in India ?

Answer: There are six types of roads

  • Golden Quadrilateral super highways
  • National Highways
  • State Highways
  • District Roads
  • Other Roads or Rural or Village-Roads
  • Border Roads
Question 5.
What is the meaning of Pradhan Mantri Grameeu Sadak Yojana ?

Answer: Under this scheme, special provisions are made so that every village in the country is linked to a major town in the country by an all season motorable road

Question 6.
Which is the last station of corridor of north to south and east to west ?

Answer: Srinagar to Kanyakumari - North to South. Porbandar to Silchar - East to West

Question 7.
Name the stations of north, east, west and south of Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways?

Answer: North-Delhi. East - Kolkata. South - Chennai West-Mumbai

Question 8.
Name four important international airports in India?

Answer:

  1. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Kolkata
  2. Chhatrapati Shivaji, Mumbai
  3. Indira Gandhi, Delhi
  4. Minambakkam, Chennai
Question 9.
When was the border roads of India established and for which purpose ?

Answer: Border Roads or ganisation was established in 1960 for the development of the roads of strategic importance in the northern and north - eastern border areas

Question 10.
Write the 3 names of National waterways of India ?

Answer:

  • The Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia - National Waterways No.1
  • The Brahmaputra river between Sadiya and Dhubri - National Waterways No.2
  • The West Coast Canal in Kerala r-National Waterways No.3
Question 11.
What is the benefit of tourism ?

Answer:

  • Promotes national integration
  • Provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits
Question 12.
What is considered as the economic barometer of a country ?

Answer: Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. So, it is considered the economic barometer of a country

Question 13.
Why is the railway network Well established In the northern plains ?

Answer:

  • Vast level lands
  • High population density
  • Rich agricultural resources
  • High amount of resources
Question 14.
Write the names of one natural port and one artificial port?

Answer: Natural port - Mumbai. Artificial port - Chennai

Question 15.
Write the significance of radio as the form of mass comunication in India?

Answer:

  • Radio is the cheapest and most effective means of communication
  • It also provides information and promotes social education
Question 16.
Write the significance of television?

Answer:

  • Television is one of the largest and essential network in India
  • It provides entertainment and keeps the viewers well informed about the world
Question 17.
Read the following table and answer the following
Questions: The Indian Railway network?
Gauge in Metres Route (km) Running Track (km) Total Track (km)
Broad Gauge (1.676) 63,491 89,521 1.17. 560
Metre Gauge (1.000) 3,200 3,462 3,775
Narrow Gauge (0.762 and 0.610) 1,751 1,752 1,901
Total 68,442 94,735 1,23,236
Question(i) Which guage covers maximum of track length in hilly areas in India?

Answer: Since hilly areas have dissecting and undulating terrain, narrow gauge would be an appropriate option

Question(ii) Which gauge has the highest length in India ?

Answer: To Broad guage has the highest length in India ie.., 1,17, 560 km

Question 18.
Complete the following table with appropriate terms in places of A and B?

Answer: A - pipeline, B - Overseas

Question 19.
Write a short note on pipeline transport?

Answer:

  1. Pipeline transportation is a method of transportation which involves movement of solid, liquid or gaseous products-over long distances through pipelines
  2. This mode of transportation is mostly used for transport of crude and refined petroleum products such as oil and natural gas
Question 20.
How is the market where exchanges of goods take place known as?

Answer: The market where exchanges of goods take place is known as the market

  • Trade between two countries is called international trade
  • The exchange of goods among people, states, and countries is referred to as trade
  • The market is the place where such exchanges take place
Question 21.
What are state highways Name the agency responsible for their construction and maintenance?

Answer:

  • Roads linking a state capital with different district headqarters are known as state highways
  • These roads are constructed and maintained by the State Public Works Department (S.P.W.D) in the State and Union territories
Question 22.
What is Balance of Trade ?
In which situations is it favourable and unfavourable ?

Answer: The balance of. trade of a country is the difference between its export and import. In following situations, it is favourable and unfavourable

  • When the Value of export exceeds the value of imports, it is called a favourable balance of trade
  • On the contrary, if the value of imports exceeds the value of exports it is termed as unfavourable balance of trade

AP 10th Class Social Geography 7th Lesson Important Questions: 1 Mark

Question 1.
Which mean of transport is a new arrival on the map of India ?

Answer: Pipeline

Question 2.
Which is the longest National Highway of India ?

Answer: National Highway-1

Question 3.
Name the extreme cities which are connected by East - West Corridors ?

Answer: Silcher (Assam) and Porbandar (Gujarat)

Question 4.
Which department is responsible for the construction and maintenance of the District Roads ?

Answer: Zilla Parishad

Question 5.
Which cities are connected by the National Highway No. 1 ?

Answer: Delhi - Punjab

Question 6.
Which port is the biggest with a spacious natural and well - sheltered harbour ?

Answer: Mumbai

Question 7.
Which is considered as the first class mail by the Indian postal network ?

Answer: Cards and envelopes

Question 8.
Which is the Southern most International airport in India ?

Answer: Nedimbacherry

Question 9.
Which is the oldest port of the eastern coast of India ?

Answer: Chennai (Madras)

Question 10.
Which organisation constructs and maintains roads in the border areas ?

Answer: BRO

Question 11.
When and where the first train was travelled ?

Answer: 1853, Mumbai to Thane

Question 12.
Which is the longest National Highway of India ?

Answer: NH7, Varanasi to Kanniyakumari

Question 13.
Name the ropds which help military?

Answer: Boarder Roads

Question 14.
Name the inland Riverine port of India ?

Answer: Kolkata

Question 15.
Which jmean of transportation carried 95 percent of Indias trade volume ?

Answer: Waterways

Question 16.
Name the oldest artificial port and second most important port of the country ?

Answer: Chennai port

Question 17.
Name any two airlines that provide domestic air serices?

Answer: Indian Airlines and Alliance Air

Question 18.
What is Indias position among the best tourist destinations of the world ?

Answer: Forth

Question 19.
Which is first port to be developed just after independence ?

Answer: Kandla port

Question 20.
Name the language in which the largest numbers of newspapers are published in India ?

Answer: Hindi

Question 21.
How much is the length of coastline of India ?

Answer: 7516.6 km

Question 22.
Where is the headquarter of the Southern Railway Zone ?

Answer: Chennai

Question 23.
In which states special provision have been made to extend air serives to common people ?

Answer: North-Eastern States

Question 24.
Which port caters to the need for export of Iron ore from Kudermukh mines ?

Answer: New Mangalore

Question 25.
What is the density of roads in Jammu and Kashmir ?

Answer: 10 km

Question 26.
Name the deepest and land locked port of India?

Answer: Visa khapatnam

Question 27.
Name the Inland Riverine port of India?

Answer: Kolkata

Question 28.
Name the roads which help military?

Answer: Boarder Roads

Question 29.
Which mode of transportation reduces trans - shipment losses and delays ?

Answer: Pipeline

Question 30.
What is the fullform of STD ?

Answer: Subscriber Trunk Dialling

Question 31.
Which state has the highest road density in India ?

Answer: Kerala

Question 32.
Name the orlds longest highway tunnel ?

Answer: Atal Tunnel

Question 33.
What is NH-1 called ?

Answer: Sher-Shah-Suri Marg.

Question 34.
What is electrification plan of Indian Railways ?

Answer: Indian Railway aims to electrify all of its broadguage network by December 2023

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