NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 5 Laws of motion

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 5 Laws of motion

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 5 Laws of motion is designed and prepared by the best teachers across India. All the important topics are covered in the exercises and each answer comes with a detailed explanation to help students understand concepts better. These NCERT solutions play a crucial role in your preparation for all exams conducted by the CBSE, including the JEE.

NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED

1. Explain why (a) a horse cannot pull a cart and run in empty space,
(b) passengers are thrown forward from their seats when a speeding bus stops suddenly,
(c) it is easier to pull a lawn mower than to push it,
(d) a cricketer moves his hands backwards while holding a catch.

Ans. (a) A horse by itself cannot move in space due to law of inertia and so cannot pull a cart in space.
(b) The passengers in a speeding bus have inertia of motion. When the bus is suddenly stopped the passengers are thrown forward due to this inertia of motion.
(c) In the case of pull, the effective weight is reduced due to the vertical component of the pull. In the case of push, the vertical component increases the effective weight.
(d) The ball comes with large momentum after being hit by the batsman. When the player takes catch it causes large impulse on his palms which may hurt the cricketer. When he moves his hands backward the time of contact of ball and hand is increased so the force is reduced.

2. A pebble of mass 0.05 kg is thrown vertically upwards. Give the direction and magnitude of the net force on the pebble,
(a) during its upward motion,
(b) during its downward motion,
(c) at the highest point where it is momentarily at rest. Do your answers change if the pebble was thrown at an angle of 45° with the horizontal direction 1 Ignore air resistance.

Ans. (a) When the pebble is moving upward, the acceleration g is acting downward, so the force is acting downward is equal to F = mg = 0.05 kg x 10 ms-2 = 0.5 N.
(b) In this case also F = mg = 0.05 x 10 = 0.5 N. (downwards).
(c) The pebble is not at rest at highest point but has horizontal component of velocity. The direction and magnitude of the net force on the pebble will not alter even if it is thrown at 45° because no other acceleration except ‘g’ is acting on pebble.

3. Give the magnitude and direction of the net force acting on a stone of mass 0.1 kg,
(a) just after it is dropped from the window of a stationary train,
(b) just after it is dropped from the window of a train running at a constant velocity of 36 km/ h,
(c) just after it is dropped from the window of a train accelerating with 1 ms-2,
(d) lying on the floor of a train which is accelerating with 1 m s~2, the stone being at rest relative to the train.Neglect air resistance throughout.

Ans. (a) Mass of stone = 0.1 kg
Net force, F = mg = 0.1 x 10 = 1.0 N. (vertically downwards).
(b) When the train is running at a constant velocity, its acceleration is zero. No force acts on the stone due to this motion. Therefore, the force on the stone is the same (1.0 N.).
(c) The stone will experience an additional force F’ (along horizontal) i.e.,F = ma = 0.1 x l = 0.1 N
As the stone is dropped, the force F’ no longer acts and the net force acting on the stone F = mg = 0.1 x 10 = 1.0 N. (vertically downwards).
(d) As the stone is lying on the floor of the train, its acceleration is same as that of the train.
.•. force acting on the stone, F = ma = 0.1 x 1 = 0.1 N.
It acts along the direction of motion of the train.

4. 18. Two billiard balls, each of mass 0.05 kg, moving in opposite directions with speed 6 ms-1 collide and rebound with the same speed. What is the impulse imparted to each ball due to the other?

Ans. Initial momentum of each ball before collision
= 0.05 x 6 kg ms-1 = 0.3 kg ms-1
Final momentum of each ball after collision
= – 0.05 x 6 kg ms-1 = – 0.3 kg ms-1 Impulse imparted to each ball due to the other
= final momentum – initial momentum = 0.3 kg m s-1 – 0.3 kg ms-1
= – 0.6 kg ms-1 = 0.6 kg ms-1 (in magnitude)
The two impulses are opposite in direction.

5. Explain why
(a) a horse cannot pull a cart and run in empty space,
(b) passengers are thrown forward from their seats when a speeding bus stops suddenly,
(c) it is easier to pull a lawn mower than to push it,
(d) a cricketer moves his hands backwards while holding a catch.

Ans. (a) A horse by itself cannot move in space due to law of inertia and so cannot pull a cart in space.
(b) The passengers in a speeding bus have inertia of motion. When the bus is suddenly stopped the passengers are thrown forward due to this inertia of motion.
(c) In the case of pull, the effective weight is reduced due to the vertical component of the pull. In the case of push, the vertical component increases the effective weight.
(d) The ball comes with large momentum after being hit by the batsman. When the player takes catch it causes large impulse on his palms which may hurt the cricketer. When he moves his hands backward the time of contact of ball and hand is increased so the force is reduced.

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