NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Force and Laws of Motion
Question 1.
Which of the following has more inertia?
Question (a) a rubber ball and a stone of the same size?
Answer:A stone of the same size
Question (b) a bicycle and a train?
Answer:a train
Question (c) a five-rupees coin and a one-rupee coin?
Answer:a five-rupees coin
As the mass of an object is a measure of its inertia, objects with more mass have more inertia
Question 2.
In the following example, try to identify the number of times the velocity of the ball changes.
"A football player kicks a football to another player of his team who kicks the football towards the goal The goalkeeper of the opposite team collects the football and kicks it towards a player of his own team".
Also identify the agent supplying the force in each case?
Answer:
| Agent supplying the force |
Change in velocity of ball |
| 1. First player kicks a football |
Velocity from 0 changes to u |
| 2. Second player kicks the football towards goal |
Velocity changes again |
| 3. The goalkeeper collects the football |
Velocity becomes 0 |
| 4. Goalkeeper kicks it towards a player of his team |
Change in velocity takes place |
Question 3.
Explain why some of the leaves may get detached from a tree if we vigorously shake its branch?
Answer:When the trees branch is shaken vigorously the branch attain motion but the leaves stay at rest. Due to the inertia of rest, the leaves tend to remain in its position and hence detaches from the tree to fall down
Question 4.
Why do you fall in the forward direction when a moving bus brakes to a stop and fall backwards when it accelerates from rest?
Answer:When a moving bus brakes-to a stop: When the bus is moving, our body is also in motion, but due to sudden brakes, the lower part of our body comes to rest as soon as the bus stops. But the upper part of our body continues to be in motion and hence we fall in forward direction due to inertia of motion.
When the bus accelerates from rest we fall backwards: When the bus is stationary our body is at rest but when the bus accelerates, the lower part of our body being in contact with the floor of the bus comes in motion, but the upper part of our body remains at rest due to inertia of rest. Hence we fall in backward direction
Question 5.
If action is always equal to the reaction, explain how a horse can pud a cart?
Answer:The third law of motion states that action is always equal to the reaction but they act on two different bodies.
In this case the horse exerts a force on the ground with its feet while walking, the ground exerts an equal and opposite force on the feet of the horse, which enables the horse to move forward and the cart is pulled by the horse
Question 6.
Explain, why is it difficult for a fireman to hold a hose, which ejects a large amount of water at a high velocity?
Answer:The water that is ejected out from the hose in the forward direction comes out with a large momentum and equal amount of momentum is developed in the hose in the opposite direction and hence the hose is pushed backward. It becomes difficult for a fireman to hold a hose which experiences this large momentum