| Today In History | |
| July 06th | |
| Events | |
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371 BC The Battle of Leuctra, where Epaminondas defeated Cleombrotus I, takes place 640 Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt). 1044 The Battle of Mιnfo between troops led by Emperor Henry III and Magyar forces led by Samuel Aba, King of Hungary, takes place. 1189 Richard I "the Lionheart" accedes to the English throne. 1253 Mindaugas is crowned King of Lithuania. 1348 Pope Clement VI issues a papal bull protecting the Jews accused of having caused the Black Death. 1411 Ming China's Admiral Zheng He returns to Nanjing after the third treasure voyage and presents the Sinhalese king, captured during the MingKotte War, to the Yongle Emperor. 1415 Jan Hus is condemned as a heretic and then burned at the stake. 1483 Richard III is crowned King of England. 1484 Portuguese sea captain Diogo Cγo finds the mouth of the Congo River. 1495 First Italian War: Battle of Fornovo: Charles VIII defeats the Holy League. 1535 Sir Thomas More is executed for treason against King Henry VIII of England. 1557 King Philip II of Spain, consort of Queen Mary I of England, sets out from Dover to war with France, which eventually resulted in the loss of the City of Calais, the last English possession on the continent, and Mary I never seeing her husband again. 1560 The Treaty of Edinburgh is signed by Scotland and England. 1573 Cσrdoba, Argentina, is founded by Jerσnimo Luis de Cabrera. 1573 French Wars of Religion: Siege of La Rochelle ends. 1614 Zejtun and the surrounding villages suffer a raid from Ottoman forces. This was the last unsuccessful attempt by the Ottomans to conquer the island of Malta. 1630 Thirty Years' War: Four thousand Swedish troops under Gustavus Adolphus land in Pomerania, Germany. 1685 Battle of Sedgemoor: Last battle of the Monmouth Rebellion. troops of King James II defeat troops of James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth. 1751 Pope Benedict XIV suppresses the Patriarchate of Aquileia and establishes from its territory the Archdiocese of Udine and Gorizia. 1777 American Revolutionary War: Siege of Fort Ticonderoga: After a bombardment by British artillery under General John Burgoyne, American forces retreat from Fort Ticonderoga, New York. 1779 Battle of Grenada: The French defeat British naval forces during the American Revolutionary War. 1801 First Battle of Algeciras: Outnumbered French Navy ships defeat the Royal Navy in the fortified Spanish port of Algeciras. 1809 The second day of the Battle of Wagram; France defeats the Austrian army in the largest battle to date of the Napoleonic Wars. 1854 In Jackson, Michigan, the first convention of the United States Republican Party is held. 1865 The first issue of The Nation magazine is published. 1885 Louis Pasteur successfully tests his vaccine against rabies on Joseph Meister, a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog. 1887 David Kalakaua, monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, is forced at gunpoint by Americans to sign the Bayonet Constitution giving Americans more power in Hawaii while stripping Hawaiian citizens of their rights. 1892 Dadabhai Naoroji is elected as the first Indian Member of Parliament in Britain. 1892 Three thousand eight hundred striking steelworkers engage in a day-long battle with Pinkerton agents during the Homestead Strike, leaving ten dead and dozens wounded. 1917 World War I: Arabian troops led by T. E. Lawrence ("Lawrence of Arabia") and Auda ibu Tayi capture Aqaba from the Ottoman Empire during the Arab Revolt. 1919 The British dirigible R34 lands in New York, completing the first crossing of the Atlantic Ocean by an airship. 1933 The first Major League Baseball All-Star Game is played in Chicago's Comiskey Park. The American League defeated the National League 42. 1936 A major breach of the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal in England sends millions of gallons of water cascading 200 feet (61 m) into the River Irwell. 1937 Spanish Civil War: Battle of Brunete: The battle begins with Spanish Republican troops going on the offensive against the Nationalists to relieve pressure on Madrid. 1939 Holocaust: The last remaining Jewish enterprises in Germany are closed. 1940 Story Bridge, a major landmark in Brisbane, as well as Australia's longest cantilever bridge is formally opened. 1941 Nazi Germany launches its offensive to encircle several Soviet armies near Smolensk. 1942 Anne Frank and her family go into hiding in the "Secret Annexe" above her father's office in an Amsterdam warehouse. 1944 Jackie Robinson refuses to move to the back of a bus, leading to a court-martial. 1944 The Hartford circus fire, one of America's worst fire disasters, kills approximately 168 people and injures over 700 in Hartford, Connecticut. 1947 The AK-47 goes into production in the Soviet Union. 1957 Althea Gibson wins the Wimbledon championships, becoming the first black athlete to do so. 1957 John Lennon and Paul McCartney meet for the first time, as teenagers at Woolton Fete, three years before forming the Beatles. 1962 As a part of Operation Plowshare, the Sedan nuclear test takes place. 1962 The Late Late Show, the world's longest-running chat show by the same broadcaster, airs on RTΙ One for the first time. 1964 Malawi declares its independence from the United Kingdom. 1966 Malawi becomes a republic, with Hastings Banda as its first President. 1967 Nigerian Civil War: Nigerian forces invade Biafra, beginning the war. 1975 The Comoros declares independence from France. 1986 Davis Phinney becomes the first American cyclist to win a road stage of the Tour de France. 1988 The Piper Alpha drilling platform in the North Sea is destroyed by explosions and fires. One hundred sixty-seven oil workers are killed, making it the world's worst offshore oil disaster in terms of direct loss of life. 1989 The Tel AvivJerusalem bus 405 suicide attack: Fourteen bus passengers are killed when an Arab assaulted the bus driver as the bus was driving by the edge of a cliff. 1990 Electronic Frontier Foundation is founded. 1995 In the Bosnian War, under the command of General Ratko Mladic, Serbia begins its attack on the Bosnian town of Srebrenica, and kills more than 8000 Bosniaks, in what then- UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali called "the worst crime on European soil since the Second World War". 1997 The Troubles: In response to the Drumcree dispute, five days of mass protests, riots and gun battles begin in Irish nationalist districts of Northern Ireland. 1999 U.S. Army private Barry Winchell dies from baseball-bat injuries inflicted on him in his sleep the previous day by a fellow soldier, Calvin Glover, for his relationship with transgender showgirl and former Navy Corpsman Calpernia Addams. 2003 The 70-metre Yevpatoria Planetary Radar sends a METI message (Cosmic Call 2) to five stars: Hip 4872, HD 245409, 55 Cancri (HD 75732), HD 10307 and 47 Ursae Majoris (HD 95128). The messages will arrive to these stars in 2036, 2040, 2044, and 2049, respectively. 2006 The Nathu La pass between India and China, sealed during the Sino-Indian War, re-opens for trade after 44 years. 2013 At least 42 people are killed in a shooting at a school in Yobe State, Nigeria. 2013 A Boeing 777 operating as Asiana Airlines Flight 214 crashes at San Francisco International Airport, killing three and injuring 181 of the 307 people on board. 2013 A 73-car oil train derails in the town of Lac-Mιgantic, Quebec and explodes into flames, killing at least 47 people and destroying more than 30 buildings in the town's central area. |
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| Births | |
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1580 Johann Stobδus, German lute player and composer (d. 1646) 1623 Jacopo Melani, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1676) 1678 Nicola Francesco Haym, Italian cellist and composer (d. 1729) 1686 Antoine de Jussieu, French biologist and academic (d. 1758) 1736 Daniel Morgan, American general and politician (d. 1802) 1747 John Paul Jones, Scottish-American captain (d. 1792) 1766 Alexander Wilson, Scottish-American poet, ornithologist, and illustrator (d. 1813) 1781 Stamford Raffles, English politician, founded Singapore (d. 1826) 1782 Maria Luisa of Spain (d. 1824) 1785 William Hooker, English botanist and academic (d. 1865) 1789 Marνa Isabella of Spain (d. 1846) 1796 Nicholas I of Russia (d. 1855) 1817 Albert von Kφlliker, Swiss anatomist and physiologist (d. 1905) 1818 Adolf Anderssen, German chess player (d. 1879) 1829 Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1880) 1831 Sylvester Pennoyer, American lawyer and politician, 8th Governor of Oregon (d. 1902) 1832 Maximilian I of Mexico (d. 1867) 1837 R. G. Bhandarkar, Indian orientalist and scholar (d. 1925) 1838 Vatroslav Jagic, Croatian philologist and scholar (d. 1923) 1840 Josι Marνa Velasco Gσmez, Mexican painter and academic (d. 1912) 1859 Verner von Heidenstam, Swedish poet and author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1940) 1865 Ιmile Jaques-Dalcroze, Swiss composer and educator (d. 1950) 1868 Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom (d. 1935) 1878 Eino Leino, Finnish poet and journalist (d. 1926) 1884 Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, American businessman and sailor (d. 1970) 1885 Ernst Busch, German field marshal (d. 1945) 1886 Marc Bloch, French historian and academic (d. 1944) 1887 Marc Chagall, Belarusian-French painter and poet (d. 1985) 1887 Annette Kellerman, Australian swimmer and actress (d. 1975) 1890 Dhan Gopal Mukerji, Indian-American author and scholar (d. 1936) 1892 Will James, American author and illustrator (d. 1942) 1897 Richard Krautheimer, German-American historian and scholar (d. 1994) 1898 Hanns Eisler, German-Austrian soldier and composer (d. 1962) 1899 Susannah Mushatt Jones, American super-centenarian (d. 2016) 1900 Frederica Sagor Maas, American author and screenwriter (d. 2012) 1903 Hugo Theorell, Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1982) 1904 Robert Whitney, American conductor and composer (d. 1986) 1904 Erik Wickberg, Swedish 9th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1996) 1907 Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter and educator (d. 1954) 1907 George Stanley, Canadian soldier, historian, and author, designed the flag of Canada (d. 2002) 1908 Anton Muttukumaru, Sri Lankan general and diplomat (d. 2001) 1910 Renι Le Grθves, French cyclist (d. 1946) 1912 Heinrich Harrer, Austrian geographer and mountaineer (d. 2006) 1914 Vince McMahon, Sr., American wrestling promoter, founded WWE (d. 1984) 1916 Harold Norse, American poet and author (d. 2009) 1917 Arthur Lydiard, New Zealand runner and coach (d. 2004) 1918 Sebastian Cabot, English-Canadian actor (d. 1977) 1919 Ernst Haefliger, Swiss tenor and educator (d. 2007) 1921 Allan MacEachen, Canadian economist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Canada 1921 Nancy Reagan, American actress and activist, 42nd First Lady of the United States (d. 2016) 1922 William Schallert, American actor; president (1979-81) of the Screen Actors Guild (d. 2016) 1923 Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polish general and politician, 1st President of Poland (d. 2014) 1924 Louie Bellson, American drummer, composer, and bandleader (d. 2009) 1925 Merv Griffin, American actor, singer, and producer, created Wheel of Fortune and Jeopardy! (d. 2007) 1925 Bill Haley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Bill Haley & His Comets) (d. 1981) 1925 Gazi Yasargil, Turkish neurosurgeon and academic 1926 Sulev Vahtre, Estonian historian and academic (d. 2007) 1927 Jan Hein Donner, Dutch chess player and journalist (d. 1988) 1927 Janet Leigh, American actress and author (d. 2004) 1927 Pat Paulsen, American comedian and actor (d. 1997) 1927 Nilo Soruco, Bolivian singer-songwriter (d. 2004) 1930 George Armstrong, Canadian ice hockey player and coach 1930 Ian Burgess, English racing driver (d. 2012) 1931 Jean Campeau, Canadian businessman and politician 1931 Della Reese, American actress and singer 1931 Lαszlσ Tαbori, Hungarian runner and coach 1932 Herman Hertzberger, Dutch architect and academic 1935 Candy Barr, American model, dancer, and actress (d. 2005) 1935 14th Dalai Lama 1936 Dave Allen, Irish comedian, actor, and screenwriter (d. 2005) 1937 Vladimir Ashkenazy, Russian-Icelandic pianist and conductor 1937 Ned Beatty, American actor 1937 Gene Chandler, American singer-songwriter and producer 1937 Michael Sata, Zambian police officer and politician, 5th President of Zambia (d. 2014) 1939 Jet Harris, English bass player (The Shadows, The Jeff Beck Group, and The Vipers Skiffle Group) (d. 2011) 1939 Mary Peters, English-Irish pentathlete and shot putter 1940 Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazakh politician, 1st President of Kazakhstan 1941 David Crystal, British linguist, author, and academic 1941 Reinhard Roder, German footballer and manager 1943 Tamara Sinyavskaya, Russian soprano 1944 Gunhild Hoffmeister, German runner 1946 George W. Bush, American businessman and politician, 43rd President of the United States 1946 Fred Dryer, American football player and actor 1946 Peter Singer, Australian philosopher and academic 1946 Sylvester Stallone, American actor, director, and screenwriter 1946 Jamie Wyeth, American painter 1948 Nathalie Baye, French actress 1948 Jean-Pierre Blackburn, Canadian academic and politician, 26th Canadian Minister of Veterans Affairs 1948 Brad Park, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach 1949 Noli de Castro, Filipino journalist and politician, 14th Vice President of the Philippines 1949 Phyllis Hyman, American singer-songwriter and actress (d. 1995) 1950 John Byrne, English-American author and illustrator 1951 Geoffrey Rush, Australian actor and producer 1952 Hilary Mantel, English author and critic 1953 Nanci Griffith, American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1953 Kaiser Kalambo, Zambian footballer and manager (d. 2014) 1953 Robert Mιnard, French politician and former journalist 1954 Allyce Beasley, American actress 1954 Willie Randolph, American baseball player and manager 1958 Jennifer Saunders, English actress, comedian and screenwriter 1959 Richard Dacoury, French basketball player 1960 Maria Wasiak, Polish businesswoman and politician, Polish Minister of Infrastructure and Development 1961 Robin Antin, American dancer, choreographer, and businesswoman 1961 Vandana Chavan, Indian politician and lawyer 1962 Todd Bennett, English runner and coach (d. 2013) 1962 Peter Hedges, American author, screenwriter, and director 1967 Heather Nova, Bermudian singer-songwriter and guitarist 1967 Omar Olivares, Puerto Rican-American baseball player 1968 Gaspare Manos, Thai-Italian painter and sculptor 1970 Inspectah Deck, American rapper, producer, and actor (Wu-Tang Clan) 1970 Martin Smith, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Delirious?) 1972 Laurent Gaudι, French author and playwright 1972 Greg Norton, American baseball player and coach 1972 Zhanna Pintusevich-Block, Ukrainian sprinter 1974 Zι Roberto, Brazilian footballer 1975 50 Cent, American rapper, producer, and actor (G-Unit) 1975 Amir-Abbas Fakhravar, Iranian journalist and activist 1977 Max Mirnyi, Belarusian tennis player 1978 Adam Busch, American actor, director, and producer 1978 Tamera Mowry, American actress and producer 1978 Tia Mowry, American actress and producer 1978 Kevin Senio, New Zealand rugby player 1979 Matthew Barnson, American viola player and composer 1979 Nic Cester, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist (Jet and The Wrights) 1979 Kevin Hart, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter 1980 Kenny Deuchar, Scottish footballer 1980 JB Magsaysay, Filipino actor, businessman and politician 1980 Joell Ortiz, American rapper (Slaughterhouse) 1982 Brandon Jacobs, American football player 1982 Misty Upham, American actress (d. 2014) 1983 Gregory Smith, Canadian actor, director, and producer 1984 Zhang Hao, Chinese figure skater 1985 Diamond Rings, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Matters) 1986 Sarah Gronert, German tennis player 1986 David Karp, American businessman, founded Tumblr 1986 Derrick Williams, American football player 1987 Sophie Auster, American singer-songwriter and actress 1987 Manteo Mitchell, American runner 1987 Kate Nash, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress 1987 Caroline Trentini, Brazilian model 1988 Kevin Fickentscher, Swiss footballer 1990 Magaye Gueye, French footballer 1990 Jamal Idris, Australian rugby player 1990 Justin Schultz, Canadian ice hockey player 1991 Klas Dahlbeck, Swedish ice hockey player 1992 Manny Machado, American baseball player |
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| Deaths | |
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371 BC Cleombrotus I, Spartan king 649 Goar of Aquitaine, French-German bishop and saint (b. 585) 918 William I, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 875) 1017 Genshin, Japanese monk and scholar (b. 942) 1189 Henry II of England (b. 1133) 1218 Odo III, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1166) 1249 Alexander II of Scotland (b. 1198) 1415 Jan Hus, Czech priest, philosopher, and reformer (b. 1369) 1476 Regiomontanus, German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer (b. 1436) 1480 Antonio Squarcialupi, Italian organist and composer (b. 1416) 1533 Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet and playwright (b. 1474) 1535 Thomas More, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. 1478) 1553 Edward VI of England (b. 1537) 1583 Edmund Grindal, English archbishop (b. 1519) 1585 Thomas Aufield, English priest and martyr (b. 1552) 1684 Peter Gunning, English bishop (b. 1614) 1758 George Howe, 3rd Viscount Howe, English general and politician (b. 1725) 1768 Conrad Beissel, German-American religious leader (b. 1690) 1802 Daniel Morgan, American general and politician (b. 1736) 1809 Antoine Charles Louis de Lasalle, French general (b. 1775) 1813 Granville Sharp, English activist (b. 1735) 1815 Samuel Whitbread, English politician (b. 1764) 1835 John Marshall, American captain and politician, 4th United States Secretary of State (b. 1755) 1854 Georg Ohm, German physicist and mathematician (b. 1789) 1868 Harada Sanosuke, Japanese captain (b. 1840) 1893 Guy de Maupassant, French author and poet (b. 1850) 1901 Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfόrst (b. 1819) 1902 Maria Goretti, Italian martyr and saint (b. 1890) 1904 Abai Qunanbaiuli, Kazakh poet and philosopher (b. 1845) 1907 August Johann Gottfried Bielenstein, German linguist and theologian (b. 1826) 1916 Odilon Redon, French painter and illustrator (b. 1840) 1922 Maria Teresia Ledσchowska, Polish-Austrian nun and missionary (b. 1863) 1932 Kenneth Grahame, Scottish-English author (b. 1859) 1934 Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian commander (b. 1888) 1946 Horace Pippin, American painter (b. 1888) 1947 Adolfo Mόller-Ury, Swiss-American painter (b. 1862) 1952 Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 14th Premier of Quebec (b. 1867) 1959 George Grosz, German painter and illustrator (b. 1893) 1960 Aneurin Bevan, Welsh-English politician, Secretary of State for Health (b. 1897) 1961 Scott LaFaro, American bassist (b. 1936) 1961 Woodall Rodgers, American lawyer and politician, Mayor of Dallas (b. 1890) 1962 Paul Boffa, Maltese soldier and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1890) 1962 William Faulkner, American author and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897) 1962 Archduke Joseph August of Austria (b. 1872) 1963 George, Duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1899) 1964 Claude V. Ricketts, American admiral (b. 1906) 1966 Sad Sam Jones, American baseball player and manager (b. 1892) 1967 Hilda Taba, Estonian architect and educator (b. 1902) 1971 Louis Armstrong, American singer and trumpet player (b. 1901) 1973 Otto Klemperer, German-American conductor and composer (b. 1885) 1975 Resat Ekrem Koηu, Turkish historian, scholar, and poet (b. 1905) 1976 Zhu De, Chinese general and politician, President of the People's Republic of China (b. 1886) 1976 Fritz Lenz, German geneticist and physician (b. 1887) 1977 Φdφn Pαrtos, Hungarian-Israeli viola player and composer (b. 1907) 1978 Babe Paley, American socialite and fashion style icon (b. 1915) 1979 Van McCoy, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1940) 1980 Mart Raud, Estonian poet and author (b. 1903) 1982 Bob Johnson, American baseball player and manager (b. 1905) 1986 Jagjivan Ram, Indian lawyer and politician, 4th Deputy Prime Minister of India (b. 1908) 1989 Jαnos Kαdαr, Hungarian mechanic and politician, Hungarian Minister of the Interior (b. 1912) 1991 Mudashiru Lawal, Nigerian footballer (b. 1954) 1992 Marsha P. Johnson, American drag queen performer and activist (b. 1945) 1994 Ahmet Haxhiu, Kosovan activist (b. 1932) 1995 Aziz Nesin, Turkish author and poet (b. 1915) 1997 Chetan Anand, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921) 1998 Roy Rogers, American cowboy, actor, and singer (b. 1911) 1999 Joaquνn Rodrigo, Spanish pianist and composer (b. 1901) 1999 Barry Winchell, American soldier (b. 1977) 2000 Wladyslaw Szpilman, Polish pianist and composer (b. 1911) 2002 Dhirubhai Ambani, Indian businessman, founded Reliance Industries (b. 1932) 2002 John Frankenheimer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1930) 2003 Buddy Ebsen, American actor, singer, and dancer (b. 1908) 2003 Ηelik Gόlersoy, Turkish lawyer, historical preservationist, writer and poet (b. 1930) 2004 Thomas Klestil, Austrian politician, 10th President of Austria (b. 1932) 2004 Syreeta Wright, American singer-songwriter (b. 1946) 2005 Bruno Augenstein, German-American mathematician and physicist (b. 1923) 2005 L. Patrick Gray, American FBI director (b. 1916) 2005 Ed McBain, American author and screenwriter (b. 1926) 2005 Claude Simon, French novelist Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913) 2006 Kasey Rogers, American actress (b. 1926) 2006 Tom Weir, Scottish climber, author and television host (b. 1914) 2007 Kathleen E. Woodiwiss, American author (b. 1939) 2009 Vasily Aksyonov, Russian author and academic (b. 1932) 2009 Robert McNamara, American businessman and politician, 8th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1916) 2009 Johnny Collins, English folk singer (b. 1938) 2010 Harvey Fuqua, American singer-songwriter and producer (The Moonglows and New Birth) (b. 1929) 2012 Hani al-Hassan, Palestinian engineer and politician (b. 1939) 2012 Anthony Sedlak, Canadian chef and television host (b. 1983) 2013 Lo Hsing Han, Burmese businessman, co-founded Asia World (b. 1935) 2013 Ruben J. Villote, Filipino priest and activist (b. 1932) 2014 Dave Bickers, English motorcross racer and stuntman (b. 1938) 2014 Alan J. Dixon, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 34th Illinois Secretary of State (b. 1927) 2014 S. D. Gunadasa, Sri Lankan businessman (b. 1931) 2014 Martin Van Geneugden, Belgian cyclist (b. 1932) 2015 Jerry Weintraub, American film producer, and talent agent (b. 1937)
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