Mineral & Power Resources

Answer the following questions

(i) These common minerals used by us in day-to-day life are copper, iron and salt.

(ii) An ore is a rock from which minerals are extracted. Ores of metallic minerals are found usually in igneous and metamorphic rock formation.

(iii) Two regions in India rich in natural gas resources are Jaisalmer and Krishna- Godavari delta.

(iv) (a) For rural areas, solar energy, and wind energy are good options. In rural areas there are no high-rise buildings to act as obstacle for sunlight or to break the momentum of speed.

(b) For coastal areas, wind energy and tidal energy are good choices.

(c) For arid region, solar energy and wind energy are possible.

(v) Five ways in which one can save energy at home are :

(a) Use of solar energy as much as possible.

(b) Use of biogas as cooling fuel.

(c) Using sun"s energy to dry clothes instead of electric dryers.

(d) Switching off fans and lights when not in use.

(e) Using pressure cookers for cooking.

Tick the correct answer.

1. (i) Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of minerals?
2. (a) They are created by natural processes.
3. (b) They have a definite chemical composition.

4. (c) They are inexhaustible.

5. (d) Their distribution is uneven.
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• (c) They are inexhaustible.
• (ii) Which one of the following is NOT a producer of mica?
• (a) Jharkhand
• (b) Karnataka
• (c) Rajasthan
• (d) Andhra Pradesh
• Karnataka
• (iii) Which one of the following is a leading producer of copper in the world?
• (a) Bolivia
• (b) Chile
• (c) Ghana
• (d) Zimbabwe

• (c) Ghana

• (iv) Which one of the following practices will NOT conserve LPG in your kitchen.
1. (a) Soaking the dal for some time before cooking it.
2. (b) Cooking food in a pressure cooker.
3. (c) Keeping the vegetables chopped before lighting the gas for cooking.
4. (d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.

5. (d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.

Give reasons.

• (i) Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.
• (ii) Most industries are concentrated around coal mines.
• (iii) Petroleum is referred to as "black gold".
• (iv) Quarrying can become a major environmental concern.
• (i) Building huge dams can cause destabilisation of the natural habitats of plants and animals living in the area. Before building dams these environmental issues should be looked into.

• (ii) Presence of coal mines around industries reduces the cost of transportation and also ensures easy availability of fuel.

• (iii) Petroleum is a very valuable fuel and thus regarded as "black gold". Almost all vehicles run by the products of petroleum. Even sub-product of petroleum, kerosene, is also used for lighting and cooking.
• (iv) After querrying, pils are not-covered and the land becomes a waste land. Hence, quarrying can become a major environment concern.

Distinguish between the followings.

(i) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.

(ii) Biogas and natural gas.

(iii) Ferrous and nonferrous minerals.

(iv) Metallic and non-metallic minerals.

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Conventional sources of energy	Non-conventional sources of energy
Power sources that have been in use for a long time.	Power sources that have come into use recently due to the depleting conven¬tional resources and growing aware - ness
Fossil feels and fire- wood.	Solar energy, wind energy, etc.
Biogas	Natural Gas
Obtained from the decomposition of organic waste	Obtained as a by-product from the extraction of petroleum
A renewable source of energy.	A non-renewable source of energy
It is a non-convential source	It is a non-convential source.
Ferrous Minerals	Non-ferrous minerals
Minerals that contain iron in them	Minerals that do not contain iron in their
They are magnetic in nature	They are non-magnetic in nature
Example : Iron ore	Limestone : copper ore.
Metallic minerals	Non-metallic minerals
Minerals containing metals in raw form	Minerals that do not contain metals
Examples : bauxite, iron ore	Examples : Gypsum, limestone